General
Turner syndrome is a congenital genetic condition in which a woman is missing one X chromosome, which limits the function of the gonads (sex glands). Typical features include short stature and infertility. Intelligence is usually not significantly impaired.
Treatment:
Treatment includes administration of growth hormone and sex hormones. Pregnancy may be possible for these women after implantation (transfer) of a donor egg.
- short stature
- delayed puberty
- spoon-shaped fingernails; nails are smaller than normal
- skin folds on the neck (pterygium colli / webbed neck)
- broad chest
- widely spaced nipples
- lymphedema (swelling) of the feet and wrists
- low-set ears
- drooping upper eyelids, strabismus (crossed eyes), and myopia (nearsightedness)
- increased frequency of congenital abnormalities of the kidneys (e.g., horseshoe kidney), heart, and sometimes blood vessels (especially coarctation of the aorta)
- more frequent middle ear infections and hearing problems
- delayed psychomotor development
- various speech disorders
- underdeveloped ovaries, amenorrhea (a person with Turner syndrome does not menstruate)
- infertility
- brown spots on the skin
- overweight
- atypical shape of the elbow joint and the upper jaw (maxilla)
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