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Apert syndrome

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General

Apert syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by premature fusion of the skull bones, facial deformities, and fusion of the fingers of the hands or feet. The occurrence of this syndrome is rare — 1 child out of 200,000 newborns. The disease is hereditary — an affected individual has a 50% risk that his or her children will also be affected by Apert syndrome.

Cause:
Apert syndrome arises from a mutation of the gene responsible for the proper development and function of connective tissue. A risk factor for the occurrence of this mutation is the age of the father — above 30 years.

Diagnosis:
The disease is diagnosed through clinical examination. If the symptoms listed below are present, genetic testing may be performed.

Treatment:
Treatment of symptoms requires broad cooperation among surgeons, neurologists, pediatricians, and others. Essential is the release of prematurely fused cranial sutures by a neurosurgeon.

  • predčasný zrast kostí lebky vo švíkoch
  • zvýšenie vnútrolebečného tlaku - vracanie a bolesť hlavy
  • pískanie pri dýchaní (chrčivý zvuk, ktorý je počuť z diaľky)
  • dychové pauzy pri spánku
  • pokrivenie tvaru lebky
  • úchylky od prirodzeného tvaru (deformácia) tváre
  • vysoké čelo
  • prepadnutá tvár
  • plochá hlavička
  • deformácie očnice
  • poruchy zraku
  • vpadnutý koreň nosa
  • deformácie dutiny ústnej
  • poruchy chrupu
  • deformácie horných a dolných končatín
  • skrátenie ramenná kosť
  • syndaktýlia (zrast prstov)
  • obmedzenie hybnosti lakťa
  • vbočené kolená
  • inteligencia môže byť normálna alebo môže byť prítomná mentálna retardácia rôzneho stupňa
  • prítomnosť najrôznejších vývojových chýb vnútorných orgánov

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